Why Australian attitudes on immigration and religion have hardened but social cohesion is stable
Australians’ Changing Attitudes
Australians have shown a shift towards a more negative attitude towards major faith groups and immigration levels, according to a recent report by the Scanlon Foundation. Despite these shifts, the report indicates that social cohesion has remained stable over the past year, showcasing resilience in the face of multiple challenges.
Key Findings from the Report
- The report, based on a survey of over 8,000 participants and more than 100 questions, highlights key areas of concern for Australians in 2024.
- Dr. James O’Donnell from the Australian National University, the author of the report, noted a decline in social cohesion leading up to 2023, particularly influenced by cost of living pressures.
- Despite challenges faced over the last year, indicators of social cohesion have remained relatively stable.
Social Cohesion Index
The report measures social cohesion across five key areas: worth, social justice and inclusion, acceptance, belonging, and political participation. In 2024, the index score for the feeling of belonging and a cohesive society remains at 78, the same as in 2023.
Changing Views on Immigration
Almost half of Australians (49%) now believe that immigration levels are too high, a significant increase from 33% in the previous year. These attitudes are primarily driven by economic and housing concerns rather than opposition to diversity, with 85% of people agreeing that multiculturalism has been beneficial for Australia.
Expert Insights
Dr. O’Donnell emphasized the importance of multiculturalism in navigating global and economic challenges, noting that it remains a strength for Australia but is not immune to pressures.
Impact of Economic Pressures
As economic pressures mount, with 41% of Australians describing themselves as either ‘poor or struggling to pay bills’, there is a decrease in the sense of belonging and trust in others and the government.
Attitudes Towards Religion
The report also indicates a less positive attitude towards religion, with declines across all major faith groups. Positive attitudes towards Christians, for example, have decreased from 42% in 2023 to 37% in 2024. Negative attitudes towards Muslims and Jewish people have also increased.
Expert Perspective
Alex Ryvchin from the Executive Council of Australian Jewry expressed his lack of surprise at the worsening view of the Jewish community, citing experiences of exclusion, discrimination, and vilification.
Conclusion
While Australian attitudes towards immigration and religion have hardened, the stability of social cohesion amidst various challenges showcases the resilience and strength of the community. It is essential to address economic pressures and promote inclusivity to maintain a cohesive society.
FAQs
1. What factors have contributed to the shifting attitudes towards immigration in Australia?
Economic and housing concerns are the primary drivers behind the changing views on immigration levels in Australia, according to the report.
2. How has the perception of multiculturalism influenced attitudes towards diversity?
The majority of Australians view multiculturalism positively, recognizing its benefits for the country. However, economic pressures can impact perceptions of diversity and belonging.
3. What are the implications of the declining attitudes towards religion in Australia?
The increasing negativity towards various faith groups highlights the need for greater understanding and tolerance to maintain social cohesion and harmony.